Spring Boot中如何使用SMTP发送电子邮件呢?

下文笔者讲述SpringBoot发送电子邮件的方法分享,如下所示

实现思路:
   1.引入spring-boot-starter-mail即会自动引入相应的依赖 
   2.设置相应的配置信息
   3.使用JavaMailSender接口发送邮件

例:java发送电子邮件的示例分享

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
	http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
    <artifactId>spring-boot-send-email</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>Spring Boot Send Email</name>
    <url>https://www.java265.com</url>
    <version>1.0</version>
 
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
 
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 
        <!-- send email -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 
    </dependencies>
 
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Package as an executable jar/war -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
 
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.22.0</version>
            </plugin>
 
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

项目依赖项查看

$ mvn dependency:tree
 
[INFO] org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-send-email:jar:1.0
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |     +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.11.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.11.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] |  +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:Runtime
 
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    \- com.sun.mail:javax.mail:jar:1.6.2:compile
[INFO]       \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile

Gmail SMTP

smtp服务器配置
application.properties

spring.mail.host=smtp.gmail.com
spring.mail.port=587
spring.mail.username=username
spring.mail.password=password
 
# Other properties
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.connectiontimeout=5000
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.timeout=5000
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.writetimeout=5000
 
# TLS , port 587
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
 
# SSL, post 465
#spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.port = 465
#spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.class = javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory

注意事项:
    Gmail SMTP
    当帐户启用两步验证
    需创建一个“应用密码” 

发送电子邮件

发送普通文本电子邮件

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
	@Autowired
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
	
	void sendEmail() {
        SimpleMailMessage msg = new SimpleMailMessage();
        msg.setTo("to_1@gmail.com", "to_2@gmail.com", "to_3@yahoo.com");
 
        msg.setSubject("Testing from Spring Boot");
        msg.setText("java265.com  \n Spring Boot Email");
 
        javaMailSender.send(msg);
   }

发送HTML电子邮件和文件附件

import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
 
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
 
	void sendEmailWithAttachment() throws MessagingException, IOException {
 
        MimeMessage msg = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
 
        // true = multipart message
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true);
		
        helper.setTo("to_@email");
 
        helper.setSubject("Testing from Spring Boot");
 
        // default = text/plain
        //helper.setText("Check attachment for image!");
 
        // true = text/html
        helper.setText("<h1>Check attachment for image!</h1>", true);
 
		// hard coded a file path
        //FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("path/test.png"));
 
        helper.addAttachment("test.png", new ClassPathResource("test.png"));
 
        javaMailSender.send(msg);
 
    }

SpringBoot发送电子邮件示例

package com.java265;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.commandlinerunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
 
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
 
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {
 
    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {
 
        System.out.println("Sending Email...");
 
        try {
		
            sendEmail();
            //sendEmailWithAttachment();
 
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        System.out.println("Done");
 
    }
 
    void sendEmail() {
        SimpleMailMessage msg = new SimpleMailMessage();
        msg.setTo("1@gmail.com", "2@yahoo.com");
 
        msg.setSubject("Testing from Spring Boot");
        msg.setText("java265.com \n Spring Boot Email");
 
        javaMailSender.send(msg);
    }
 
    void sendEmailWithAttachment() throws MessagingException, IOException {
        MimeMessage msg = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
 
        // true = multipart message
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true);
        helper.setTo("1@gmail.com");
 
        helper.setSubject("Testing from Spring Boot");
 
        // default = text/plain
        //helper.setText("Check attachment for image!");
 
        // true = text/html
        helper.setText("<h1>Check attachment for image!</h1>", true);
 
        helper.addAttachment("test.png", new ClassPathResource("test.png"));
 
        javaMailSender.send(msg);
 
    }
}